Question 1: The model that treats electrons as waves around the nucleus is called the _____ model.
Topic: Structure of Matter
- quantum
- Bohr
- plum-pudding
- wave (Correct Answer)
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Chemistry is the science of matter; what everything is made of and how it transforms. From cooking to medicine to manufacturing, chemical principles govern our material world.
Understand the science of matter and its transformations
Written by the Flying Prep Team
Reviewed by Alex Stone, who earned 99 credits via CLEP & DSST
Best for those with high school chemistry background. Solid algebra skills are essential for stoichiometry and calculations. Pre-med and engineering students often take this exam.
Content breakdown:
A calculator is provided. Questions mix conceptual understanding with calculations.
Score of 50 earns 6 credits
Scores of 60+ show strong chemistry mastery
Valid 20 years
What is stuff made of? This section explores atoms, molecules, and chemical bonding. You'll master electron configurations, periodic trends, and the forces that hold atoms together. From ionic crystals to covalent molecules to metallic structures, you'll understand why matter behaves as it does. It's the foundation for all of chemistry.
Solid, liquid, gas - and everything in between! This section covers how matter behaves in different phases. You'll work with gas laws, intermolecular forces, and phase diagrams. Understanding states of matter explains everyday phenomena from why ice floats to how pressure cookers work. It's physics and chemistry dancing together.
Chemical reactions are nature's magic tricks - substances transforming into entirely different substances! This section classifies reactions: acid-base, oxidation-reduction, precipitation, and more. You'll predict products and balance equations. Recognizing reaction patterns lets you predict what will happen when chemicals meet.
Chemistry is quantitative! Stoichiometry is the mathematics of chemical reactions - calculating how much reactant you need or product you'll get. You'll master mole conversions, limiting reagents, and percent yield. These calculations are essential for any practical chemistry, from cooking to manufacturing to research.
Many reactions don't go to completion - they reach a balance point where forward and reverse reactions occur equally. This section covers equilibrium constants, Le Chatelier's principle, and how conditions shift equilibrium. Understanding equilibrium explains why some reactions seem incomplete and how to push them where you want.
How fast do reactions happen, and why? Chemical kinetics studies reaction rates and the factors affecting them: concentration, temperature, catalysts. You'll work with rate laws and understand reaction mechanisms. Speed matters in chemistry - from explosive reactions to slow geological processes.
Energy drives chemistry! Thermodynamics reveals whether reactions release or absorb energy, and whether they'll occur spontaneously. You'll work with enthalpy, entropy, and free energy. These concepts explain why some reactions happen on their own while others need help. It's the energetic logic of chemical change.
This section covers the actual elements and compounds - their properties, reactions, and uses. You'll explore major chemical families, common compounds, and practical applications. It's where abstract principles meet real substances: metals that rust, acids that sting, and polymers that shape modern life.
Chemistry is an experimental science! This section covers laboratory techniques, safety, and data analysis. You'll understand measurements, significant figures, and how to interpret experimental results. These practical skills connect theoretical knowledge to real-world chemical investigation.
Preparing your assessment...
Weeks 1-2: Foundations Atomic structure, electron configurations, periodic table trends, moles and molar mass.
Week 3: Bonding Ionic vs. covalent bonding, Lewis structures, molecular geometry, intermolecular forces.
Week 4: Stoichiometry Balancing equations, mole ratios, limiting reagents, percent yield.
Week 5: States of Matter Gas laws, phase changes, solutions and concentration calculations.
Week 6: Reactions Reaction types, acid-base chemistry, redox reactions, equilibrium basics.
Week 7: Energy & Kinetics Thermochemistry, enthalpy, reaction rates.
Week 8: Review & Practice Full practice exams, focus on calculations.
2 months
~10 hours/week
3 months
~7 hours/week
Two valid IDs.
Retakes after 3 months.
The Chemistry CLEP requires solid understanding of mathematical concepts and abstract thinking, making it moderately challenging. Structure of Matter and equilibrium concepts trip up many test-takers who rely on memorization rather than conceptual understanding. The math isn't advanced - mostly algebra and dimensional analysis - but you must apply it quickly under time pressure. Laboratory questions can surprise professionals who work primarily with theory. Success depends more on systematic preparation than chemistry background. Many candidates underestimate the breadth of topics covered, particularly descriptive chemistry and experimental procedures. Plan adequate study time for mathematical problem-solving practice.
Most colleges accept 50 out of 80 as passing, awarding three semester hours of general chemistry credit. Some competitive programs require 53-58, particularly for pre-health or engineering majors. Check with your target institution before testing since requirements vary significantly. The American Council on Education recommends 50 for college-level performance. Military education programs typically accept 50, while some graduate schools prefer 55 or higher. A score of 50 represents approximately 60-65% of questions answered correctly, though exact percentages vary based on question difficulty. Consider retesting if your target program requires higher scores, as you can take the exam once every three months.
Study duration depends on your chemistry background and math comfort level. Healthcare professionals with recent chemistry exposure typically need 40-60 hours of focused review. Those with college chemistry from several years ago should plan 80-120 hours, emphasizing problem-solving practice. Complete beginners require 150-200 hours minimum, including time to build mathematical foundations. Don't rush preparation - inadequate math skills will hurt you across multiple exam sections. Spread studying over 8-12 weeks rather than cramming. Most successful candidates study 10-15 hours weekly, mixing concept review with practice problems. Quality matters more than quantity - focused study sessions with active problem-solving beat passive reading.
Start with Structure of Matter and States of Matter since they provide foundations for other topics and represent 39% of exam content. Use active learning - work problems rather than just reading explanations. Practice stoichiometry calculations daily until dimensional analysis becomes automatic. Create concept maps linking atomic structure, bonding, and molecular properties. Review one major topic weekly, then integrate with previously studied material. Use the provided periodic table during practice to simulate exam conditions. Focus on understanding patterns rather than memorizing isolated facts. Work through laboratory scenarios even if your background is theoretical. Take timed practice exams to build speed and identify weak areas requiring additional review.
No, a periodic table is provided during the exam, including atomic numbers, symbols, and atomic masses. However, you should memorize common polyatomic ions like sulfate, nitrate, and phosphate, plus solubility rules for precipitation reactions. Know periodic trends - ionization energy, atomic radius, electronegativity - rather than specific values. Memorize strong acids and bases since they appear frequently in acid-base problems. Common oxidation states for transition metals help with redox reactions. The provided table won't include electron configurations, but you can determine them from atomic numbers. Focus memorization efforts on information not provided during the exam rather than data you can look up.
No, calculators aren't permitted on the CLEP Chemistry exam. This means you must perform all mathematical calculations by hand, including stoichiometry, gas law problems, and pH calculations. The exam design accounts for this limitation - most calculations involve simple numbers that work out evenly. Practice doing arithmetic without a calculator during preparation, particularly logarithms for pH problems and exponential notation for very large or small numbers. Focus on estimation skills to check answer reasonableness. Many questions test conceptual understanding rather than computational ability. When calculations are required, numbers typically yield clean answers. Master dimensional analysis techniques to organize complex stoichiometry problems systematically without computational aids.
Experimental Chemistry questions cover standard laboratory glassware, measurement techniques, and safety procedures. Know the differences between graduated cylinders, pipettes, and burettes for volume measurement accuracy. Understand when to use beakers versus volumetric flasks for solution preparation. Filtration methods, including vacuum filtration and gravity filtration, appear regularly. Spectroscopy basics - UV-Vis, IR, and atomic absorption - may be tested conceptually. Understand significant figures in measurements and how equipment precision affects results. Safety questions cover proper chemical storage, personal protective equipment, and emergency procedures. Titration procedures and indicator selection are common topics. Most questions focus on equipment selection and procedure logic rather than detailed technical specifications.
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